As the market for coenzyme Q10 supplements expands, U.S. cardiologists are calling for a cautious approach to taking the compound for heart health. CoQ10 is an antioxidant the body produces naturally, but researchers remain divided over whether it improves cardiac health.
U.S. cardiologists recently noted that taking CoQ10 for heart health may not deliver the benefits users expect. Their assessment draws on a review by Cochrane, the international academic database, which analyzed 11 randomized controlled trials involving 1,573 heart failure patients through October 2020. Many of those studies had small sample sizes and short follow-up periods, making it difficult to determine clearly whether CoQ10 improves cardiac function and symptoms.
CoQ10 helps cells generate energy and curbs cell damage, supporting the formation of new cells. When concentrations in the body fall and cell function in the heart and lungs declines, shortness of breath can occur, and reduced function in muscle and nerve cells raises the risk of cramps or pain. When antioxidant activity falters, the fatty components of the outer skin layer weaken and the skin is known to become rough.
The Cochrane review found a tendency toward lower risk of death from all causes and lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure among those taking CoQ10. But it also reported little difference — or in some cases a possible increase — in the risk of heart attack and stroke and in the rate of side effects. The American Heart Association likewise holds that the value of CoQ10 in managing heart failure is uncertain and that it cannot replace standard treatment. Caution is also warranted in use. Because it can affect the action of blood thinners such as warfarin and may work to lower blood sugar, anyone taking such medications should consult a doctor first.
Experts stress that lifestyle management, not supplements, comes first in protecting heart health. CoQ10 is abundant in beef, chicken, mackerel and spinach, so it can be replenished through food alone. The common advice is that getting at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise a week and sleeping enough is more effective than taking supplements. Anyone planning to take a supplement should consult a doctor beforehand to confirm the dosage and check for drug interactions.
